Nutrition and Metabolism
Code
11107
Academic unit
NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas
Department
MCM
Credits
11
Teacher in charge
Prof. Doutor Miguel Seabra
Teaching language
Portuguese
Objectives
The Curricular Unit (CU) Nutrition and Metabolism intended to study the main reactions and metabolic and physical-chemical mechanisms that support human life.
The objective of the Nutrition and Metabolism CU is to describe and explain, in molecular terms, all the chemical processes of living cells.
The Nutrition and Metabolism CU main aim is to give knowledge on key biomolecules. We are concerned about the integration and application of knowledge in a global perspective, encouraging students to a scientific methodology and its application in clinical and laboratory aspects.
Will be valued all the actions to provide the student with a critical self-analysis applied to all aspects of the curriculum.
Prerequisites
Each student has a notebook where it will be registered each practical classes attendance and activity(s) developed, which will be signed by the professor. Attendance at practical classes is obligatory, that is, the student must have to attend 2/3 of the classes in order to attend the final exam.
Subject matter
lectures (See calendar on Moodle page)
1st Module: General concepts of nutrition and dietetics
§ Healthy eating: recommendations and nutritional guidelines
§ Food and nutrients (Classical: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, vitamins, minerals and trace elements; Functional: probiotics, phytosterols, w -3/polyunsaturated fatty acids
§ Labeling
§ Nutritional requirements depending on the physiological stage of development
§ Body Composition: Methods for evaluation body composition
§ Consequences of poor nutrition: overweight / obesity versus malnutrition
§ Water-soluble and Fat-soluble vitamins: structure and metabolism
§ Iron and Copper: metabolism, functions and pathological relevance
2nd Module: Digestive tract, Digestion and Nutrient Absorption
§ Histology of the digestive tract (2 lessons)
- Esophagus and stomach
- Small intestine and colon
- Gallbladder and pancreas
- Liver and intrahepatic bile ducts
§ Digestion and absorption of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins
§ Motility of the digestive tract
§ Digestive secretions and intestinal absorption
§ Regulation of digestive tractactivity
3rd Module: Carbohydrate Metabolism
§ Glycolysis
§ Pentose phosphate pathway
§ Pyruvate dehydrogenase system
§ Krebs Cycle
§ Glycogen metabolism
§ Gluconeogenesis
§ Glucose homeostasis: dietary and hormonal regulation
§ Dysregulation of glucose metabolism
4th Module: Bioenergetics and Oxidative Metabolism
§ Electron transport chain
§ Oxidative Phosphorylation
§ Antioxidants systems
5th Module: Lipid Metabolism
§ Plasma lipids: definition and constitution
§ The lipoprotein transport system: regulation of intracellular fat
§ Cholesterol
§ Fatty acids and triglycerides
§ Lipogenesis and Lipolysis
§ Eicosanoids
§ Dysregulation of lipid metabolism
6th Module: Structure and Amino acid Metabolism
§ Essential and nonessential amino acids
§ Main amino acids reactions: decarboxylation, deamination, transamination, aldolization, deamidation, amidation
§ g-glutamyl cycle
§ Amino acids catabolism: glucogenic and ketogenic amino acids
§ Alanine cycle
§ Urea cycle
§ Specific metabolism of some amino acids
§ Changes in amino acid metabolism
7th Module: Structure and Metabolism of Nucleotides
§ Nucleotides metabolism (2 lessons)
§ Changes in the metabolism of nucleotides: Gout
8th Module: Metabolic integration
§ Metabolic regulation
§ Hormonal regulation of energy metabolism
§ Integration of different metabolic pathways and its relationship with nutritional status
§ Changes of energy metabolism: introduction to the study the metabolic patient
9th Module: Cellular Metabolism
§ Reactive Oxygen Species, Redox Systems and Cell detoxification
§ CitP450, Iron and Heme
10th Module: Hemostasis
§ Platelets
§ Coagulation cascade
§ Fibrinolysis
SEMINARS
§ Exercise: biochemistry and muscular adaptation.
PRACTICAL CLASSES 5 PBLs (Problem-Based Learning) (See calendar on Moodle page)
PBL´s LIST
|
1st PBL |
Nutrition/Digestion/Nutrients absorption (1st and 2nd Module) |
|
2nd PBL |
Carbohydrates Metabolism (3rd Module) |
|
3rd PBL |
Lipids Metabolism (5th Module) |
|
4th PBL |
Nucleotides Metabolism (7th Module) |
|
5th PBL |
Metabolic Integration (8th Module) |
Bibliography
- HARPERS ILLUSTRATED BIOCHEMISTRY. Murray and Coll (2010), 29th Edition
- TEXTBOOK OF BIOCHEMISTRY. Devlin (2006), 6th Edition
- MOLECULAR BIOLOGY. Alberts and Coll (2008), 5th Edition
- BIOQUÍMICA. Halpern (1997), Lidel
- BIOQUÍMICA - Organização molecular da vida. Quintas, Freire e Halpern (2008), Lidel
- Krauses Food, Nutrition & Diet Therapy. Mahan L. Kathleen, Escott-Stump Sylvia (2012), 13th Edition, Cartoné, ISBN: 978-1-4377-2233-8
- Essentials of Human Nutrition. Mann, J., Truswell, A.S. (2012), 4th Edition, Oxford University Press
- Histology and Cell Biology, an introduction to pathology. Abraham L. Kierszenbaum (2011), 2nd Edition, Mosby
- Wheaters Functional Histology: a text and colour atlas. Barbara Young, James Lowe, Alan Stevens, John Heath (2006), 5th Edition, Elsevier
Are available online the objectives of theoretical and practical classes, as well as the manual of practical classes, which is required to bring to the classes.
Teaching method
The theoretical classes will consist of lectures and seminars. The lectures are divided in modules and each week will be held three lectures of 50min each. The handouts will be in the Moodle platform at the end of each lecture, as well as, the specific learning aims.
The practical training is taught in practical classes, which have theoretical and practical features.The theoretical and practical lessons for each class have duration of 2 hours. Each class will have per week 4 hours of practical classes, in two shifts of 2 hours. In the theoretical and practical scope, it is performed a Problem Based Learning (PBL), which seeks to apply and integrate the contents of the Nutrition and Metabolism CU in a more clinical aspect, showing the importance of the scientific method into the clinical practice. This type of approach (PBL), with a
theoretical and practical scope, has had great success with the students, whose motivation is evident in these classes.
Evaluation method
a) Evaluation methods
The evaluation process at Nutrition and Metabolism CU is composed by two components: practical evaluation component and theoretical evaluation component, structured as follows:
a1) Practical evaluation component (30% of the final grade)
The grade obtained by the student in the practical component will include the performance and attendance of the students in practical classes, which are based on the following evaluation parameters: (i) PBLs oral presentation and discussion and (ii) classes evaluation, which includes the students attitudes and knowledge demonstrated during the practical classes.
a2) Theoretical evaluation component (70% of the final grade)
This component is composed by 2 mid exams.
The 1st mid exam will have a weighting of 35% of the final grade.
The 2nd mid exam will have a weighting of 35% (with evaluation of subjects taught from the date of the 1st mid exam) of the final grade.
The subject evaluated in each mid exam corresponds to all the theoretical and practical subjects taught until the test date.
The mid exams may consist of multiple choice questions (multiple choice), short-answer questions, or open questions (development), or combinations of both.