Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia

Soil Science and Soil Pollution

Code

10368

Academic unit

Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia

Department

Departamento de Ciências e Engenharia do Ambiente

Credits

6.0

Teacher in charge

Alexandra de Jesus Branco Ribeiro

Weekly hours

5

Total hours

87

Teaching language

Português

Objectives

  1. Soil formation, development and dynamics.
  2. Soil functions as a chemical and biological reactor. Soil proprieties as a reservoir, filter and buffer. Soil role as an interface to the different ecological systems compartments.
  3. Evaluation of the quality of land resources in Portugal. Comparison with other EU countries..
  4. Soil pollution and soil remediation in the context of the Environmental engineering. How to deal with contaminated soils. Case studies concerning soil pollution problems and available remediation techniques.

Bibliography

Main
  1. Brady, N. C. & Weil, R. R. (2008). The Nature and Properties of Soil. 14th edition. Pearson-Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey, 990 pp., ISBN 13-978-0-13-227938-3
  2. Certini, G. & Scalenghe, R. (Eds.) (2006). Soils. Basic Concepts and Future Challenges. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, ISBN 9780521851732, 310 pp.
  3. Ellis, S. & Mellor, A. (1995). Soils and Environment. Routledge, London, 368 pp., ISBN 0-415-06887-8
  4. IUSS Working Group WRB, 2006. World Reference Base for Soil Resources 2006, 2nd edition. World Soil Resources Report 103, Food and Agricultural Organisation, Rome. E.U. 145 pp. ISSN 0532-0488, ISBN: 925105511

Complementary

  1. Costa, J. B. (2004). Caracterização e Constituição do Solo. 7ª edição. Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian, 527 pp., ISBN 972-31-0073-8
  2. Evangelou, V. P. (1998). Environmental Soil and Water Chemistry : Principles and Applications. New York : Wiley
  3. FAO (2001). Lecture Notes on the Major Soils of the World. World Soil Resources Reports 94, FAO, Rome (ver CD-ROM publicado em conjunto com a referencia, em http://www.isric.nl/Isric/Webdocs/Docs/Major_Soils_of_the_World/start.pdf (acedido em 2013/02/21).
  4. Foth, H. D. (1990). Fundamentals of Soil Science. 8th edition, John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, 360 pp.
  5. Ghabbour, E. A. & Davies, G. (Eds.) (2003). Humic Substances: Nature''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''s Most Versatile Materials. Taylor & Francis, New York, ISBN 1-59169-015-3, 372 pp.
  6. Hausenbuiller, R.  L. (1987). Soil Science: Principles and Practices. 3rd edition, William C. Brown Publishers, Dubuque, Iowa, 610 pp.
  7. Leeper, G. W. & Uren, N. C. (1993). Soil Science: An Introduction. 5th edition, Melbourne University Press, Carlton.
  8. McBride, M. B. (1994). Environmental Chemistry of Soils. New York: Oxford University Press, pp. 308–341.
  9. Mitchell, J. K. & Soga, K. (2005). Fundamentals of soil behaviour. 3rd edition, John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, NJ. ISBN 9780471463027.
  10. NRCS (2007). Soil Formation and Classification. Natural Resource Conservation Service-United States Department of Agriculture, http://soils.usda.gov/education/facts/formation.html (acedido em 2013/02/21).
  11. Smith, K. A. & Mullins, C. E. (2000). Soil and Environmental Analysis: Modern Instrumental Techniques, 3rd edition, Marcel Dekker, ISBN 9780824709914, 700 pp.
  12. Soil Survey Staff, Natural Resources Conservation Service, United States Department of Agriculture. Official Soil Series Descriptions. http://soils.usda.gov/technical/classification/osd/index.html, acedido em 2011/11/04.
  13. Soil Survey Staff (2006). Keys to Soil Taxonomy. 10th edition. USDA, NRCS. United States Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, USA,  341 pp.,  ISBN: 1410224740.
  14. Sparks, D. L., (1995). Environmental Soil Chemistry, Academic Press, USA (p 23-98).
  15. Weil, R. R. (2001). Nature and Properties of Soils. Prentice-Hall, Inc., New Jersey.
  16. Weil, R. R. (2009). Lab Manual for Introductory Soil Science. 8thedition, Kendall Hunt Publishing, Dubuque, Iowa, ISBN 0757561624.

Application module

  1. Adriano, D. C. (2001). Trace Elements in Terrestrial Environments: Biogeochemistry, Bioavailability, and Risk of Metals. 2nd edition, Springer-Verlag, New York.
  2. Alloway, B. J. (Ed.) (1995). Heavy Metals in Soils. 2nd edition, Blackie Academic & Professional, Glasgow, 368 pp., ISBN 0-415-06887-8.
  3. Basta, N. T. (2000). Examples and case studies of beneficial reuse of municipal by-products. In: Power, J.F., Dick, W.A. (eds.) Land Application of Agricultural, Industrial, and Municipal By-products. SSSA, Madison, WI, pp. 481-504.
  4. Blum, W. E. (2005). Functions of soil society and the environment. Reviews in Environmental Science and Biotechnology,4: 75-79.
  5. Dias, J. C. S. (2004). Guia das boas práticas. Aplicação de lamas na agricultura. RECICLAMAS, Lisboa.
  6. EEA, 2004. Europe’s environment: The 3rd assessment. Off. Public. European Comm., Luxembourg, Environm. Assessment Rep., nº 10.
  7. COM(2006)231 final. Estratégia Temática de Protecção do Solo. Comunicação da Comissão ao Conselho, ao Parlamento Europeu, ao Comité Económico e Social e ao Comité das Regiões. Comissão das Comunidades Europeias, Bruxelas, 12 pp.
  8. COM(2006)232. Proposta de Directiva do Parlamento Europeu e do Conselho que estabelece um quadro para a protecção do solo e altera a Directiva 2004/35/CE. Comissão das Comunidades Europeias, Bruxelas, 30 pp.
  9. COM(2010) 781 final. Proposta de Directiva do Parlamento Europeu e do Conselho relativa ao controlo dos perigos associados a acidentes graves que envolvem substâncias perigosas. Comissão das Comunidades Europeias, Bruxelas.
  10. EEA (2004). Europe’s Environment: The 3rd Assessment. Off. Public. European Comm., Luxembourg, Environm. Assessment Rep., No.  10.
  11. EEA and JRC (2010). The European Environment State and Outlook 2010. Soil. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2010, ISBN 978-92-9213-157-9, doi: 10.2800/58866.
  12. EU legislação relacionada com solos: http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/environment/soil_protection/index_en.htm (acedido em 2013/02/21):    
    UK - Soil Guideline Values, http://www.environment-agency.gov.uk/research/planning/64015.aspx          
    Germany - Federal Soil Protection Act and Ordinance http://www.bmu.de/english/soil_conservation_contamined_sites/downloads/doc/3286.php                              Real Decreto 9/2005 de 14 de enero, por el que se establece la relación de actividades potencialmente contaminantes del suelo y los criterios y estándares para la declaración de suelos contaminados.
  13. EUR 22185 EN (2006). Common Criteria for Risk Area Identification according to Soil Threats. Wolf Eckelmann, Rainer Baritz, Pavel Bielek, Stanislav Bialousz, Florence Carre, Beata Houšková, Robert J A. Jones, Mark. Kibblewhite, Josef Kozak, Christine Le Bas, Gergely Tóth, Tibor Tóth, György Várallyay, Markku Yli Halla, & Marco Zupan. EUR 22185 EN, No. 20, 94 pp.
  14. EU European Soil Portal - data on European soils, http://eusoils.jrc.ec.europa.eu/esbn/esbn_future.html (acedido em 2013/02/21).
  15. Golden, M.; Micheli, E.; Ditzler, C.; Eswaran, H.; Owens, P.; Zhang, G.; McBratney, A.; Hempel, J.; Montanarella, L.; Schad, P. (2010). Time for a universal soil classification system. 19th World Congress of Soil Science, Soil Solutions for a Changing World, 1 – 6 August 2010, Brisbane, Australia, DVD, pp. 48–51.
  16. Grontmij, W. (2007). Know the quality of your soil or aquatic sediment: clarifying the risks. SenterNovem, Bodem+, RWS Directorate General for Public Works and Water Management-DWW, 3BODM0704.
  17. Head, I. M.; Singleton, I. & Milner, M. G. (Eds) (2003). Bioremediation: A Critical Review. Horizon Scientific Press, Wymondham, UK.
  18. Kabata-Pendias, A. (2010). Trace Elements in Soils and Plants, 4th eition, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, Pulawy, Poland. CRC Press, ISBN 9781420093681.
  19. Montanarella, L. 2010. Need for interpreted soil information for policy making. 19th World Congress of Soil Science, Soil Solutions for a Changing World. 1 – 6 August 2010, Brisbane, Australia, DVD, pp. 12-15.
  20. Morgan, R. P. C. (2005). Soil Erosion and Conservation. 3rd edition. Blackwell Publishing, Oxford, 304 pp., ISBN 1405117818.
  21. Naidu, R.; Gupta, V. V. S. R.; Rogers, S.; Kookana, R. S.; Bolan, N. S. & Adriano, D. (Eds) (2003). Bioavailability, Toxicity and Risk Relationships in Ecosystems. Science Publishers INC., New Hampshire.
  22. OMEE (1996). Guidance on sampling and analytical methods for use at contaminated sites in Ontario. Ontario Ministry of Environment and Energy Standards Development Branch.
  23. OMEE (1996). Guidance on site specific risk assessment for use at contaminated sites in Ontario. Ontario Ministry of Environment & Energy, Standards Development Branch.
  24. OMEE (1999). Guideline for use at contaminated sites in Ontario. Instructions for completing the record of site condition.
  25. Ontario Ministry of the Environment (2009). Rationale for the development of soil and ground water standards for use at contaminated sites in Ontario, December 22, 2009, Standards Development Branch, Ontario Ministry of the Environment.
  26. Petruzzelli, D. & Helfferich, F.G. (Eds) (1993). Migration and Fate of Pollutants in Soils and Subsoils, NATO ASI Series, Springer-Verlag.
  27. Ribeiro, A. B. & Rodríguez‐Maroto, J. M. (2006). Electroremediation of heavy metal‐contaminated soils. Processes and applications. Cap. 18 In: M.N.V. Prasad, K.S. Sajwan, Ravi Naidu (Eds.), Trace Elements in the Environment: Biogeochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioremediation, Taylor & Francis, CRC Press, Florida, USA, ISBN 1566706858, pp. 341‐368.
  28. Santos, J. Q. (2001). Fertilização e Ambiente. Reciclagem Agro-florestal de Resíduos e Efluentes. Europa-América, Mem Martins, Portugal, 261 pp.
  29. Stegmann, R.; Brunner, G.; Calmano, W. & Matz, G. (Eds.) (2001). Treatment of Contaminated Soil. Fundamentals, Analysis, Applications. Springer-Verlag.
  30. Swartjes, F. A. (Ed.) 2011. Dealing with Contaminated Sites. DOI 10.1007/978-90-481-9757-6_1, Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
  31. Varennes, A. (2003). Produtividade dos Solos e Ambiente. Escolar Editora. Lisboa.
  32. VROM, 2000. Target values and intervention values for soil remediation. The Netherlands.
  33. Wise, D. L.; Tarantolo, D. J.; Inyang, H. I. & Cichon, E. J. (Eds) (2000). Remedial of Hazardous Waste Contaminated Soils. Marcel Dekker Inc., New York.
  34. Yong, R. N. & Mulligan, C.N. (2004). Natural Attenuation of Contaminants in Soils. Raymond N. Yong, Catherine N. Mulligan (ed.), Lewis Publishers, 319 pp

Teaching method

Lectures are carried out in rooms equiped with data-show.

Lecturing of problem-solving sessions are carried out in rooms equiped with data-show and laboratory sessions in the Laboratory 143.

The pedagogic material is available for the students both in the Discipline Sheet created in the Moodle and in the site: disciplinas.dcea.fct.unl.pt/solos/

The Discipline sheet in the Moodle also allows students to follow the Course through the whole semester, e.g. in what concerns the work carried out in small working groups.

Evaluation method

1 – EVALUATION 1.1 – The admission to the final exam is conditioned by a) absences must be below  equal to 1/3 of the total number of classes. b) Delivering and oral presentation of a team report. Each team must be constituted by 3 students. This report represents 30% of the final grade, and 9,5 is the minimal for acceptance of the referred report. Compliance with a) and b) is compulsory for final exam admission. 1.2 – LECTURES EVALUATION represents 70% of the final grade. Students have a continuous evaluation (1.2.1)  of  2 tests through the semester. The final grade is calculated as a weighted average. 1.2.2 – Evaluation through final exam The conditions for final exam evaluation are the fulfilment of the admission condition (number of presences and final report) and students who failed the continuous evaluation. The students who want to increase the final grade are also admitted to the final exam 1.3 – Team report: The report, with 5 pages maximum, must comply with the format made available to every student through the Moodle. Each team will perform an oral presentation of their report, which must not exceed 15 minutes.

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