Romanesque Art History
Code
711061024
Academic unit
Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas
Department
História da Arte
Credits
6
Teacher in charge
Jorge Manuel de Oliveira Rodrigues
Weekly hours
4
Teaching language
Portuguese
Objectives
To understand the historical and conceptual origins of Romanesque art, from its \"barbarian\" early medieval and late-antique roots;
To relate Romanesque art with its forerunners and contemporary art forms, both in the West and in the East;
To characterize the world - political, social, economic, cultural, religious - behind the development of Romanesque art in its European context and its common features despite the geographic and typological diversity: religious, domestic, military;
To understand the evolution of Romanesque art, both in its territorial expansion from France, as in its philosophical and cultural premises;
To understand the evolution of the Romanesque art outside France in Spain, Italy, British Isles and Germany;
To understand the Cistercian reform: the end of a model and the transition to the Gothic art;
To critically approach the 19th and 20th century restorations and the way they forged a false perception of Romanesque art, mainly on colour, light and furnishing.
Prerequisites
Not applicable
Subject matter
1 – The year 1000 – from millenarist fears to the white mantle of churches:
1.1 – The role of the Church: secular clergy and regular clergy
1.2 – The Benedictines and the foundation of Cluny;
2 – The rural/closed world on the european territory: the 3 orders and the imaginary of feudalism
3 – Monasticism and contemplative theology:
3.1 – The importance of Neoplatonic thought
3.2 – The diffuser and normalizer role of the Cluniac Benedictines
3.3 – Political and economical power of Cluny
4 – Pilgrimaje routes and Romanesque Art:
4.1 – The french genesis: from the monastery to the pilgrimaje church
4.2 – Romanesque in the Iberian Peninsula
4.3 – Romanesque in Italy
4.4 - Romanesque in Switzerland, Germany and the British Isles
5 – Romanesque architecture, the cult of the dead and of the saints as living beings: relics, memory and privileged burial places
6 – The reformist movement of the 12th century and its artistic repercussions: from the collapse of the Cluniac model to the Cistercians
Bibliography
- A.A.V.V., Siete maravillas del románico español (org. Pedro Luis HUERTA), Aguilar de Campoo: Fundación Sª Maria la Real. Centro de Estudios del Romanico, 2009
- BROWN, Peter, The Cult of the Saints, Chicago: The Univ. Chicago Press (2ª ed.), 1982
- DAVY, Marie-Madeleine, Initiation a la symbolique romane (XIIe siècle), Paris: Flammarion, 1977
- DUBY, Georges. O Tempo das Catedrais. A arte e a sociedade, 980-1420, Lisboa: Estampa, 1978
- GRABAR, André, Les voies de la création en iconographie chrétienne, Paris: Flammarion, 1979
- PASTOUREAU, Michel e HORVAT, Frank, Figures Romanes, Paris: Seuil, 2001
- SCHAPIRO, Meyer, Estudios sobre el románico, Madrid: Alianza Editorial, 1977
- SCOBELTZINE, André, L’Art féodal et son enjeu social, Paris: Gallimard, 1973
- TOMAN, Rolf, O Românico, Colónia: Könemann, 1999
- VERGNOLLE, Éliane, l’Art roman en France, Paris: Flammarion, 1994
- WIRTH, Jean, L´Image Médiévale. Naissance et Développements (VI-XVe Siècle), Paris: Klincksieck, 1989
Teaching method
Theoretical-practical classes including presentation of slides, maps, plans, elevations, diagrams and other graphic materials related to the subject, discussion of texts of primordial relevance and related field trips to monuments or museums of the Romanesque of Galicia and León, visiting the cities of Orense (cathedral), Santiago de Compostela (cathedral, urban layout and museum) and León (collegiate Church, museum and royal pantheon).
Evaluation method
Reading record of an essential text on Romanesque art (special rules, defined in the evaluation criteria document apply) (15%)
Written paper analyzing a Romanesque artistic object, maximum 10 pages of text + images and documents with no page limit (45%)
Written image or text commentary in class, 30 minutes (15%)
Written test with bibliographical consultation, comprehensively answering 2 of 3 given questions (25%) [possible exemption if the average marks of the other 3 evaluation elements equals or exceeds 14/20]