Medical Entomology II
Code
5573024
Academic unit
Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical
Credits
8 ECTS
Teacher in charge
Odete Afonso
Teaching language
Portuguese and English.
Objectives
At the end of the module the students must be able to: 1 – To know the maintenance laboratory methods of two laboratorial insects colonies: mosquitoes and sand flies; 2 – To realize laboratorial techniques for the quantification of different enzymes related to insecticides resistance in Aedes aegypti ; 3 – To know the functional action of Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (Bti); 4 – To realize sensibility assays of larvicides on mosquitoes (WHO methodology); 5 – To characterize the life cycle of Anopheles stephensi mosquito vector; 6 – To determine the physiological age of an An. stephensi laboratorial colony; 7 – To execute laboratorial techniques for the morphological identification of phlebotomine sand fly species, Leishmania sp. vectors in Portugal; 8 – To know the major maintenance methods of the identified phlebotomine sand flies to realize posterior molecular assays; 9 – To proceed to the statistic analysis results; 10- To present the discussion of the obtained results; 11- To execute an original and individual monographic study (taking into account the individual laboratorial work).
Prerequisites
NA
Subject matter
1- It will be offered by the docents of this Curricular Unit, an individual laboratorial training to all the students; 2- The laboratorial training will be realized in the ambit of the projects and laboratorial thematic areas of the docents; 3- The offered laboratorial training will be chosen by each student; 4- After the individual laboratorial work, each student must execute a monographic work taking into account the laboratorial training; 5- Examples of laboratorial/monographic work offered by the docents of this Curricular Unit: - “The quantification of the enzymatic activity related with the insecticides resistance in Aedes aegypti of the Madeira Island” – Prof. Carla Sousa ; - “Larvicidal activity of Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (Bti) on Culex theileri (Diptera, Culicidae) under different aquatic conditions ” – Prof. Teresa Novo; - “Determination of the parity rates in malaria vectors” – Prof. João Pinto; - “Identification of phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera, Psychodidae): Leishmania sp. vectors in Portugal” – Prof. Odete Afonso.
Bibliography
Boyce R, Lenhart A, Kroeger A, Velayudhan R, Roberts B, Horstick O., 2013. Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (Bti) for the control of dengue vectors: systematic literature review. Trop Med Int Health; 18(5): 564-77. doi: 10.1111/tmi.12087. Epub 2013 Mar 26. Review. Branco S, Alves-Pires C, Maia C, Cortes S, Cristóvão JMS, Gonçalves L, Campino L, Afonso MO, 2013. Entomological and ecological studies in a new potential zoonotic leishmaniasis focus in Torres Novas municipality, Central Region, Portugal. Acta Tropica, 125: 339-348. Marcombe S, Mathieu RB, Pocquet N, Riaz M-A, Poupardin R, Sélior S, Darriet F, Reynaud S, Yébakima A, Corbel V, David J-P, Chandre F, 2012. Insecticide Resistance in the Dengue Vector Aedes aegypti from Martinique: Distribution, Mechanisms and Relations with Environmental Factors. PLoS One 7: e30989. Molineaux L. et al. 1988. The epidemiology of malaria and its measurement. In: Malaria, principles and practice of Malariology. Wernsdorfer WH (Ed). Churchill Livingstone Inc. pp. 999-1090.
Teaching method
1- Laboratorial work, individual and compulsory, depending on the subjects described above (15), or similar, and monitored by the docent: 56 hours in presence; 2- Tutorial Orientation: general and monitored for theoretical and / or practical matters (56 hours); 3- Tutorial classes to support the monographic work: 20 hours; 4- Autonomous study: 148 hours.
Evaluation method
1- Laboratorial work, individual and compulsory (56 hours) – 40%; 2- Continuing evaluation – 10%; 3- Monographic work (individual and compulsory) based on the developed laboratorial work (max. 30 pages; min. 20 pages, with: introduction, objectives, material and methods, results, discussion, conclusions and bibliographic references). The monographic study should be made taking into account the norms of IHMT for the elaboration of master and PhD theses, with the exception of binders, which may be rings – 50%; 4- It is necessary that each student reaches at least the minimum final grade of 10 (scale 0-20), considering each of the evaluation elements.