General Chemistry
Code
10713
Academic unit
Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia
Department
Departamento de Química
Credits
6.0
Teacher in charge
João Carlos da Silva Barbosa Sotomayor
Weekly hours
4
Total hours
61
Teaching language
Português
Objectives
The overall objective of General Chemistry is to provide the fundamental scientific background and practical training in Chemistry that are the basis for the understanding of the world around us. A key general objective is the development of qualitative and quantitative problem-solving skills. Of comparable importance is to learn proper laboratory practices, execute experiments, interpret experimental results and draw reasonable conclusions. Specific learning objectives for this course include the development of conceptual understanding of: elctronic distribuition on an atom; the principal chemical bond theories; bulk properties and models of gases, liquids and solids; thermodynamic laws and their relation with equilibrium - entropy and free energy concepts; physical and chemical equilibria; acqueous equilibria; electrochemistry and chemical kinetics.
Prerequisites
Knowledge of General Chemistry at undergraduate level
Subject matter
1.1. Electronic Structure of Atoms
1.1.1. Quantum numbers
1.1.2. Atomic Orbitals
1.1.3. Periodic Table and Periodic Variation of properties
1.2. Chemical Bond
1.2.1. Lewis Dots symbols
1.2.2. Covalent Bond
1.2.3. Valence Bond Theory
1.2.4. Molecular Orbital Theory
1.2.5. Electronegativity
1.2.6. Intermolecular Forces
1.3. Thermochemistry.
1.3.1. Revision of concepts: sistems, work, energie and heat.
1.3.2. Calorimetry. Specific heat and heat capacity.
1.3.3. 1st Law of Thermodynamics.
1.3.4. Energy transfer in chemical reactions.
1.3.5. Enthalpy. Formation Enthalpy and reaction Enthalpy..
1.4. Entropy, Gibbs energy and equilibrium.
1.4.1. Spontaneous processes.
1.4.2. Entropy and the 2nd law of Thermodynamics.
1.4.3. Total entropy chnages.
1.4.4. Gibbs energy.
1.4.5. Gibbs energy and chemical equilibrium.
1.5. Chemical Equilibrium.
1.5.1. The concept of chemical equilibrium. Ways of expressing equilibrium constants.
1.5.2. Factors that affect chemical equilibrium. Le Châtelier Principle.
1.6.Chemical kinetics.
1.6.1. The rate of reactions.
1.6.2. Rate laws. Experimental determination of rate law.
1.6.3. Arrhenius Law and activation energy.
1.6.4. Reaction mechanisms. Elementary steps. Molecularity.
1.6.5. Introduction to the collision theory and activated complex theory.
Bibliography
- “Chemical Principles. The Quest for Insight”, P.Atkins and L. Jones, Freeman 3rd ed.(2004).
- “Química” (tradução portuguesa de “Chemistry”), R. Chang, 8ª ed., McGraw-Hill (2005).
- “Chemistry”, Raymond Chang, 8th ed., McGraw-Hill (2005).
Teaching method
Lectures in TBL mode, problem-solving sessions and labs
Evaluation method
It is required to obtain the frequency to the chair, which requires the achievement of three practical laboratory work, and the 2 tests or 1 final exam.
The final evaluation results from the application of the following calculation formula:
average of two test scores (or final exam score) x 0.5 * + AA score x 0.5
* = The average grade obtained in the two tests or the final exam will have to be compulsorily equal to or greater than 9.5.
where AA score = 0,25xTGPi + 0,75 x personal team score
where personal team score = team score x points received/100
where team score = lab score x 0.2 + 0.8 x average score from theoretical practice sessions
where lab score is calculated by the 3rd lab work report grade (50%), Moodle test of the first two lab works (25%) and general lab information (25%).
Note: Lab score is retained just in the year when the lab work was done.