Basics of Toxicology
Code
11184
Academic unit
Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia
Department
Departamento de Química
Credits
3.0
Teacher in charge
António Sebastião Rodrigues
Weekly hours
2
Teaching language
Português
Objectives
To acquire:
- basic knowledge on pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, metabolism and toxicology as well as the biological and chemical mechanisms of these phenomena.
- understanding the toxic biological effects due to exposure to environmental xenobiotics, food xenobiotics or pharmacological agents.
- understanding the toxicological consequences associated with inter-individual variations in biotransformation enzymes and membrane transporters, genetic polymorphisms and genetic variation in metabolism and drug transport.
- knowledge of practical examples of the application of these concepts in the clinics, research and industry
- skills concerning analytical methodologies applied in pharmacology and toxicology studies
- knowledge on the national, European and worldwide regulations, their differences, similarities and implications.
Subject matter
• Basic principles of toxicology; Dose-response curves; Major toxicological endpoints.
• Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism and Excretion of xenobiotics. Bioaccumulation and bioamplification.
• Membrane transporters and response to xenobiotics.
• Mechanisms of toxicity. Drug overdose and toxic effects. Target organ toxicity.
• Exposure and toxic effects of food, environmental and industrial xenobiotics.
• Toxicogenomics and Toxicogenetics. Harmful effects of xenobiotics on DNA.
• Genetic Toxicology and Cancer. Irreversible toxic effects and its concept. The mutagen-carcinogen-teratogen triad. Threshold and no threshold for carcinogens.
• Acute, sub-chronic and chronic toxicity tests. NOAEL, LOAEL, ADI.
• Hazard and risk concepts. Risk assessment and risk management
• Regulation. Risk phrases of Directive 2001/59 / EC: analysis of context and protective measures and clinical performance.
Bibliography
Bibliography
Casarett & Doull''s Toxicology: The Basic Science of Poisons, 6th Edition, Curtis D. Klaasen, Ed.
Timbrell, J. (2008). Principles of biochemical toxicology. 4th Ed. CRC Press.
Original articles published in specialty journals (p.ex., Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology)
Databases of Toxicology
http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/ (Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR))
http://www.epa.gov/iris US EPA Integrated Risk Assessment System
http://www.iarc.fr/ International Agency for Research on Cancer
http://www.inchem.org/ Chemical Safety Information from Intergovernmental Organizations
Informação complementar (exclusivamente em português)