Optics
Code
11514
Academic unit
Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia
Department
Departamento de Física
Credits
3.0
Teacher in charge
Paulo António Martins Ferreira Ribeiro, Yuri Fonseca da Silva Nunes
Weekly hours
4
Total hours
42
Teaching language
Português
Objectives
Pedagogical Objectives
The objectives are written in the students optics, which means that we are enumerating the cognitive capacities, the functional competences and the values and atitudes the student should develope during the teaching-learning process.
Describe concepts laws and phenomena in Optics and its applications
Perform searching processes on documentation, oriented for the planing and execution of experimental procedures in Optics and Optical aplications.
Execute experimental procedures in Optics and Optical aplications in the areas of Physics Biomedics, and Biophysics and teaching of Sciences. Handling with competence equipament and optical componentes. Elaborate Experimental reports.
Solve problems, using expressions, graphics and software, in the domain of Optics and Optical aplications
Develope, persistance, individual responsability and team cooperation in experimental activities.
Prerequisites
There are no mandatory prerequisites, however it is suposed previous knoledge in:
- Classical Mechanics
- Electromagnetism
- Mathematics:
- Trigonometry
- Diferenciation and Integration
- Diferencial Equations
- Complex Algebra
Subject matter
Program (Topics)
The Topics of theoretical and Laboratory classes are organizaed in the form of Learning Units (Unidades de Aprendizagem (UA)) and are presented in the "Moodle" platform of the FCT/UNL and are:
UA 1. Introduction to Optics. History. Relevance and future.
UA 2. Electromagnetic Fields and light. Light and Maxwell''s equations . Vectors E and B. Irradiance and Poynting vector. Polarization. Dispersion. The electromagnetic spectrum.
UA 3. Propagation. Huygens Principle. Fermat''s Principle. Refletion and e refraction. Fresnel Equations. Propagation in anysotroptic media.
UA 4. Geometrical Optics. conditions for geometrical optics. The ray equation. Image formation. Prisms, Lamellae and optical fibers. Mirrors. dioptre and lenses. The human eye.
UA 5. Interference. Superposition. Coerence. Young´s experiment. Interference in lamellae and thin films.
UA 6. Diffraction. Fresnel and Fraunhofer Difractions . Difraction gratting. Diffraction by, circular aperture, single slit and set of slits.
UA 7. Radiometry and Photometry.
Bibliography
Óptica, Eugene Hecht- F.C.Gulbenkian, 1991.
Modern Optics, Robert Guenther- Wiley.
Principles of Optics, Max Born and Emil Wolf, Cambridge,1999
Optics, 4th Edition - Francis A. Jenkins and Harvey E. White, McGraw-Hill
Óptica e fotónica, Mário Ferreira - LIDEL
Optics, Eugene Hecht - Schaum’s outlines
Physics for Scientists and Engineers, Fishbane, Gasiorowicz and Thornton - 2nd Edition, Extended- Prentice Hall
Fundamentals of Physics, Halliday / Resnick / Walker -John Willey & Sons – 7th edition
Teaching method
Methods
Students are complied to enroll in the FCT Moodle e-learning platform through which the course will be managed. The platform will contain the classroom notes (NA ) of classroom lectures contents and documents preparation of experimental activities ( AE ). A visit to the AE is mandatory and the tests of accreditation for trial lessons . The teaching- learning includes face moments and moments of e- Learning , including:
· Classroom Lectures
· Laboratory experimental Sessions
· Preparation of classes
· Two tests and a final exam
The methodology conforms generally a " Blended Learning " philosophy and seeks to quantify the work of students allowing the application of the " Bologna paradigm.
Classroom Lectures
The classroom lectures of two hours, are supported by video presentations and include demonstrations conduction and problem solving. A constructivist pedagogical perspective is embraced.
The contents of lectures, organized in the form of Classroom Notes ( NA ) , are grouped into documents , available as asynchronous component .
Experimental Sessions in Laboratory
The experimental sessions, of 1 hour, take place in a Optics Laboratory. Students enroll in groups in one of four classes available, using the CLIP and the "platform" for up to 20 students per class. Schedule and distribution map of the work by groups, are detailed in the " platform " . Each group performs 5 experimental activities from the following :
AE 0 - Measuring the Speed of Light
AE 1 - wave phenomena in wave tank
AE 2 - Reflection and refraction . Mirrors lenses and diopters
AE 3 - Image formation
AE 4 - The Laser and fiber optics
AE 5 - Polarization of light and Mallus Law
AE 5 - Diffraction grating and applications
AE 7 - Interference and Diffraction . The Young Experiment
AE 8 - The human eye and vision
AE 9 - Optical Instruments
AE 10 - Modelling Optical Phenomena
Each group presents reports previously selected by the Teacher, which are placed in the platform after the respective experimental session to take place . These three reports will be all evaluated and the final mark attributed (NTE) will be average of the grades attained in each report. Students can be asked individually about planned activities in each session.
Preparation of Practical Classes
The experimental classroom sessions have to be individually prepared by students using documents designated Experimental Activities - AEs in asynchronous component ( Example : AE1 - wave phenomena in wave tank ) . The AEs define objectives for the proposed activities and help the student to explore contents and orientate the preparation of the experimental activity. As searching through these documents, the student should consult all related topics (links) , taking notes of statements or expressions , or making copies in order to build your memorandum to assist the pratical activity.
Evaluation method
Assessment Methods
Evaluation components:
Experimental - 1 element of evaluation
Theoretical-practical - 2 tests - 2 evaluation elements
Experimental component (frequency)
The evaluation of the experimental component is based on weekly laboratorial sessions spread over 1 hour and the delivery reports of these activities.
- Required Presence and execution of at least 4 experimental activities.
- Required delivery of 3 reports on experimental activities carried out (the out-of-the-lab computer simulation count as activity).
-The score per student for each work delivered, will be the rounded to the nearest tenth and will consider the individual performance on the activity (prior preparation, participation, execution, answers to questions)
- If necessary and applicable the teacher reserves the right to do an oral assessment.
- The individual experimental component score or frequency - will be the obtained from the individual scores gotten in the delivered work (and oral assessment if applicable).
Obligation of score equal or higher than 9.5 to obtain frequency (rounded to the nearest tenth).
Theoretical component
The evaluation of the theoretical-practical component results from the two tests, with 1,5 hours each booth performed over the semester.
There is no mandatory minimum score for each test, but there is the condition for the arithmetic average of the tests scores to be greater or equal than 9.5 for approval in theoretical-practical component (each test is rounded to the nearest tenth before calculating the average, the average is rounded to the nearest tenth for the calculation of the final grade).
Final grade:
- If the student doesn’t obtain frequency, he fail the discipline, regardless of the marks obtained in the theoretical-practical component (test scores).
- It is necessary to obtain frequency to access the exam.
- The minimum exam score to get approved is 9.5 (rounded to the nearest tenth)
- With frequency and approval in tests
→ Final Grade = 60% average of the tests (rounded to the nearest tenth) + 40% frequency grade (rounded to the nearest tenth)
- With frequency and approval in exam
→ Final Grade = 60% exam grade (rounded to the nearest tenth) + 40% frequency grade (rounded to the nearest tenth)
- The Minimum Score for Final Grade approval is 10 (rounded to the nearest unit)
NOTE:
Students with previous frequency should contact the teacher to confirm the frequency grade to be considered this year.